Panduan Lengkap Appositive dalam TOEFL: Definisi, Rumus, lengkap dengan Contoh Soal dan Pembahasannya
BABAD.ID | Stori Loka Jawa - Appositive adalah kata atau frasa yang menjelaskan atau memberikan informasi tambahan tentang kata benda dalam suatu kalimat.
Biasanya, appositive langsung mengikuti kata benda yang dijelaskan dan sering kali dipisahkan dengan koma.
Misalnya: Prabowo Subianto, Presiden Rebublik Indonesia, mengunjungi Keraton Yogyakarta.
Presiden Republik Indonesia di situ lah yang menjadi Appositive atau keterangan tambahan.
Contoh Appositive dalam Kalimat:
- The capital of France, Paris, is known for its culture.
- "Paris" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "The capital of France."
- My brother, a talented musician, plays the violin.
- "a talented musician" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "My brother."
- Einstein, the famous physicist, developed the theory of relativity.
- "the famous physicist" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "Einstein."
Rumus Appositive
Appositive biasanya berbentuk:
1. Kata benda (Noun) sebagai Appositive
- Subjek + Appositive + Predikat
- Contoh: My father, a doctor, works at a hospital.
2. Frasa Appositive (Noun Phrase)
- Subjek + (Keterangan, Appositive) + Predikat
- Contoh: Sarah, my best friend, loves to travel.
3. Appositive Tanpa Koma (Restrictive Appositive)
- Digunakan jika informasi dalam appositive bersifat penting dan tidak bisa dihilangkan.
- Contoh: My friend John is a teacher. (tanpa koma karena "John" adalah informasi penting untuk menjelaskan "my friend")
Tips Mengerjakan Soal Appositive di TOEFL
- Perhatikan tanda koma
- Jika ada koma, appositive biasanya berupa keterangan tambahan yang tidak mempengaruhi makna utama.
- Pastikan appositive berupa kata benda atau frasa nominal
- Jangan memilih jawaban yang berupa klausa lengkap dengan kata kerja utama.
- Cocokkan dengan kata benda yang dijelaskan
- Appositive harus memiliki hubungan langsung dengan kata benda yang dijelaskan.
- Jangan terkecoh oleh pilihan dengan kata kerja
- Contoh yang salah: My brother, is a doctor, works in a hospital.
- Seharusnya: My brother, a doctor, works in a hospital.
Tips: Cari tanda baca seperti koma yang sering kali mengapit appositive. Appositive biasanya berdekatan dengan kata benda yang dijelaskan, sehingga lebih mudah dikenali jika melihat konteks kata benda tersebut.
Soal & Pembahasan
1. The famous scientist, ___, developed the theory of relativity.
A) Albert Einstein
B) who is Albert Einstein
C) he is Albert Einstein
D) Einstein was
Jawaban: A) Albert Einstein
Pembahasan: "Albert Einstein" adalah appositive yang langsung menjelaskan "The famous scientist" tanpa memerlukan kata kerja tambahan.
2. My best friend, ___, is moving to Canada next month.
A) a teacher
B) teaches English
C) who teaches English
D) she is a teacher
Jawaban: A) a teacher
Pembahasan: "a teacher" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "My best friend." Pilihan lain mengandung kata kerja yang tidak diperlukan.
3. The capital of France, ___, is a popular tourist destination.
A) Paris
B) it is Paris
C) is Paris
D) the Paris
Jawaban: A) Paris
Pembahasan: "Paris" adalah appositive yang memberikan informasi tambahan tentang "The capital of France."
4. My uncle, ___, owns a successful business.
A) a businessman
B) he is a businessman
C) who is a businessman
D) an entrepreneur was
Jawaban: A) a businessman
Pembahasan: "a businessman" menjelaskan "My uncle" tanpa memerlukan kata kerja.
5. J.K. Rowling, ___, wrote the Harry Potter series.
A) a famous author
B) is a famous author
C) she is a famous author
D) who is a famous author
Jawaban: A) a famous author
Pembahasan: "a famous author" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "J.K. Rowling."
6. The Amazon River, ___, is the second longest river in the world.
A) the longest in South America
B) it is the longest in South America
C) which is the longest in South America
D) was the longest in South America
Jawaban: A) the longest in South America
Pembahasan: "the longest in South America" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "The Amazon River."
7. Mount Everest, ___, is the highest mountain in the world.
A) a challenging peak
B) is a challenging peak
C) which is a challenging peak
D) it is a challenging peak
Jawaban: A) a challenging peak
Pembahasan: "a challenging peak" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "Mount Everest."
8. My sister, ___, won the national writing competition.
A) an excellent writer
B) she is an excellent writer
C) who is an excellent writer
D) writing as an excellent
Jawaban: A) an excellent writer
Pembahasan: "an excellent writer" menjelaskan "My sister" tanpa kata kerja tambahan.
9. William Shakespeare, ___, wrote many famous plays.
A) a great playwright
B) he was a great playwright
C) who was a great playwright
D) plays were written by
Jawaban: A) a great playwright
Pembahasan: "a great playwright" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "William Shakespeare."
10. That building, ___, is the oldest in the city.
A) a historical landmark
B) it is a historical landmark
C) which is a historical landmark
D) known as a landmark
Jawaban: A) a historical landmark
Pembahasan: "a historical landmark" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "That building."
11. Mr. Smith, ___, is our new principal.
A) a strict man
B) is a strict man
C) who is strict
D) strict
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan: Appositive harus berupa kata benda atau frasa nominal, bukan klausa.
12. My best friend, ___, lives in New York.
A) she is a doctor
B) a doctor
C) who is a doctor
D) doctors
Jawaban: B
13. Albert Einstein, ___, developed the theory of relativity.
A) was a scientist
B) a scientist
C) who was a scientist
D) is a scientist
Jawaban: B
14. The author, ___, won a Nobel Prize.
A) a brilliant writer
B) is a brilliant writer
C) who writes
D) writing
Jawaban: A
15. My uncle, ___, owns a large bookstore.
A) he is a businessman
B) a businessman
C) who is a businessman
D) who works
Jawaban: B
16. That city, ___, is the capital of the country.
A) is large
B) large
C) the largest in the region
D) which is the largest
Jawaban: C
17. The Eiffel Tower, ___, is one of the most famous landmarks.
A) is in Paris
B) a famous monument
C) who is a landmark
D) being famous
Jawaban: B
18. J.K. Rowling, ___, wrote the Harry Potter series.
A) she is a writer
B) a famous writer
C) who is a writer
D) is a writer
Jawaban: B
19. My cousin, ___, will visit us next month.
A) he is an engineer
B) an engineer
C) who engineers
D) is an engineer
Jawaban: B
20. The Grand Canyon, ___, attracts millions of tourists each year.
A) a natural wonder
B) is a natural wonder
C) who is a natural wonder
D) the largest canyon
Jawaban: A
21. Choose the appositive: "My dog, a golden retriever, loves to play."
A) My dog
B) a golden retriever
C) loves to play
D) dog loves
Jawaban: B
22. Identify the appositive: "Marie Curie, a physicist, discovered radium."
A) Marie Curie
B) a physicist
C) discovered radium
D) physicist discovered
Jawaban: B
23. In "Shakespeare, the famous playwright, wrote Hamlet.", the appositive is:
A) Shakespeare
B) the famous playwright
C) wrote Hamlet
D) famous playwright wrote
Jawaban: B
24. Which of the following sentences contains an appositive?
A) She is reading a book.
B) My father, a doctor, is working.
C) The birds are flying.
D) I love ice cream.
Jawaban: B
25. Find the appositive: "Mount Everest, the tallest mountain, is dangerous to climb."
A) Mount Everest
B) the tallest mountain
C) is dangerous
D) climb
Jawaban: B
26. My favorite book ___ is written by J.R.R. Tolkien.
A) The Lord of the Rings
B) is The Lord of the Rings
C) who is The Lord of the Rings
D) about The Lord of the Rings
Jawaban: A
27. My sister, ___, is a lawyer.
A) she is
B) a lawyer
C) is a lawyer
D) works
Jawaban: B
28. The artist, ___, painted a beautiful portrait.
A) is talented
B) talented
C) a talented painter
D) painting
Jawaban: C
29. My teacher, ___, is very knowledgeable.
A) he is a professor
B) a professor
C) is a professor
D) who teaches
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan: "a professor" adalah appositive yang menjelaskan "My teacher" tanpa menggunakan kata kerja utama.
30. The city, ___, is known for its historical sites.
A) famous
B) a famous place
C) is famous
D) a historic site
Jawaban: B
31. My uncle, ___, owns a large bookstore.
A) he is a businessman
B) a businessman
C) who is a businessman
D) businessman
Jawaban: B
32. The novel, ___, won several literary awards.
A) was well-written
B) a masterpiece
C) is a masterpiece
D) writing
Jawaban: B
33. The scientist, ___, made a groundbreaking discovery.
A) he was brilliant
B) a brilliant researcher
C) who was brilliant
D) is brilliant
Jawaban: B
34. That building, ___, is over 100 years old.
A) a historic landmark
B) is a historic landmark
C) which is old
D) old
Jawaban: A
35. Einstein, ___, developed the theory of relativity.
A) he is a physicist
B) a renowned physicist
C) who was a physicist
D) a physics scientist
Jawaban: B
36. The musician, ___, performed at the concert.
A) he was famous
B) a famous singer
C) who sings
D) singing
Jawaban: B
37. J.K. Rowling, ___, wrote the Harry Potter series.
A) a best-selling author
B) she is an author
C) who is an author
D) is a writer
Jawaban: A
38. The river, ___, flows through the valley.
A) a long waterway
B) is a long waterway
C) which is long
D) long
Jawaban: A
39. My favorite novel ___ was written by Jane Austen.
A) Pride and Prejudice
B) is Pride and Prejudice
C) which is Pride and Prejudice
D) about Pride and Prejudice
Jawaban: A
40. My friend, ___, will arrive tomorrow.
A) a teacher
B) is a teacher
C) who is a teacher
D) who teaches
Jawaban:
Jawaban yang benar adalah (A) a teacher karena appositive harus berupa kata benda atau frasa nominal yang menjelaskan "my friend." “a teacher” adalah appositive yang benar karena langsung memberikan informasi tambahan tentang subjek tanpa kata kerja.
Kesimpulan
Appositive harus berupa kata benda atau frasa nominal.
Tanda koma digunakan jika appositive adalah informasi tambahan yang tidak krusial.
Jangan memilih jawaban dengan kata kerja utama dalam appositive.
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